Prometheus入门级部署教程

艺帆风顺 发布于 2025-04-07 22 次阅读

1、环境准备

准备一台虚拟机

10.13.2.13

8核8G

CentOS7.9

Prometheus版本：2.45.1

grafana版本：10.1.4-1

alertmanager版本：0.26.0

exporter版本：1.6.1

2、下载安装包

下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/


3、安装Prometheus

上传压缩包到服务器

创建安装目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data/prometheus -p

解压安装包

[root@localhost ~]# cd /data[root@localhost data]# tar -xvf prometheus-2.45.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data/prometheus

更改名字

[root@localhost data]# cd prometheus[root@localhost prometheus]# lltotal 0drwxr-xr-x. 4 1001 127 132 Sep 29 17:46 prometheus-2.45.1.linux-amd64[root@localhost prometheus]# mv prometheus-2.45.1.linux-amd64/ prometheus[root@localhost prometheus]# lltotal 0drwxr-xr-x. 4 1001 127 132 Sep 29 17:46 prometheus

创建prometheus用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin prometheus

授予prometheus目录权限

chown -R prometheus.prometheus /data/prometheus

给prometheus创建systemd服务

cat >> /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service [Unit]Description=Prometheus ServerDocumentation=https://prometheus.io/docs/introduction/overviewAfter=network-online.target[Service]Type=simpleUser=prometheusGroup=prometheusRestart=on-failureExecStart=/data/prometheus/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/data/prometheus/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/data/prometheus/prometheus/data --storage.tsdb.retention.time=60d --web.enable-lifecycle[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.targetEOF

重载服务

systemctl daemon-reload

启动prometheus并设置开机自启动

systemctl enable --now prometheus.service

检查状态

systemctl status prometheus.service

访问prometheus

prometheus

http://10.13.2.13:9090

无用户无密码

监控指标

http://10.13.2.13:9090/metrics

4、安装alertmanager

下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/

解压安装包

tar -xf alertmanager-0.26.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data/prometheus

更名为alertmanager

mv /data/prometheus/alertmanager-0.26.0.linux-amd64/ /data/prometheus/alertmanager

更改alertmanager权限

chown -R prometheus.prometheus /data/prometheus/alertmanager

给alertmanager创建systemd服务

cat >> /etc/systemd/system/alertmanager.service [Unit]Desciption=Alert Managerwants=network-online.targetAfter=network-online.target[Service]Type=simpleUser=prometheusGroup=prometheusExecStart=/data/prometheus/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/data/prometheus/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml --storage.path=/data/prometheus/alertmanager/dataRestart=always[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.targetEOF

启动alertmanager

systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl enable --now alertmanager.service

将alertmanager加入prometheus。

vi /data/prometheus/prometheus.ymlalerting:alertmanagers:- static_configs:- targets:# 根据实际填写alertmanager的IP地址- localhost:9093rule_files: # 根据实际名修改文件名 - "alert.yml"

增加触发器配置文件

cat >> /data/prometheus/prometheus/alert.yml groups: - name: Prometheus alert rules: # 对任何实例超过30s无法联系的清空发出警报 - alert: 服务告警 expr: up == 0 for: 30s labels: severity: critical annotations: instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}" description: "{{ $labels.job }} 服务已关闭"EOF

检查配置

cd /data/prometheus/prometheus[root@localhost prometheus]# ./promtool check config prometheus.ymlChecking prometheus.ymlSUCCESS: 1 rule files foundSUCCESS: prometheus.yml is valid prometheus config file syntaxChecking alert.ymlSUCCESS: 1 rules found

重启prometheus

systemctl restart prometheus

访问alertmanager：http://10.13.2.13:9093


5、安装Grafana

下载地址：https://grafana.com/grafana/download

直接获取

wget https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise-10.1.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz

解压安装包

tar -xvf grafana-enterprise-10.1.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data/prometheusmv grafana-10.1.4/ grafana

更改grafana目录权限

chown -R prometheus.prometheus /data/prometheus

给grafana创建systemd服务

cat >> /etc/systemd/system/grafana-server.service [Unit]Description=Grafana serverDocumetation=http://dosc.grafana.org[Service]Type=simpleUser=prometheusGroup=prometheusRestart=on-failureExecStart=/data/prometheus/grafana/bin/grafana-server --config=/data/prometheus/grafana/conf/defaults.ini --homepath=/data/prometheus/grafana[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.targetEOF

启动grafana

systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl start grafana-server.service

加入开机自启动

systemctl enable grafana-server.service

查看状态

systemctl status grafana-server.service

访问：

http://10.13.2.13:3000

默认用户名/密码：admin/admin


6、安装node_exporter

解压

tar -xf node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data/prometheus/cd /data/prometheus/mv node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64/ node_exporter

修改权限

chown prometheus.prometheus -R /data/prometheus/node_exporter

给node_exporter创建systemd服务

cat >> /etc/systemd/system/node_exporter.service [Unit]Description=node_exporterDocumentation=https://prometheus.io/After=network.target[Service]User=prometheusGroup=prometheusExecStart=/data/prometheus/node_exporter/node_exporterRestart=on-failureEOF

启动node_exporter

systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl enable --now node_exporter.service

访问地址：http://10.13.2.13:9100/metrics

添加exporter到prometheus

cat >> /data/prometheus/prometheus/prometheus.yml -job_name: "node-exporter" scrape_intervar: 15s static_configs: - targets: ["10.13.2.13:9100"]

重载prometheus

curl -X POST http://localhost:9090/-/reload

7、登录grafana添加prometheus

从Grafana.com导入仪表盘

https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards

在grafana右上角处点击Import dashboard，

导入id号或json文件，在grafana官网可以直接获取。

生产环境示例：Linux主机详情和Linux主机列表”

Linux主机详情的dashboard ID：12633

Linux主机列表的dashboard ID：12632

本篇关于prometheus部署的学习分享完结！感谢你的阅读，如果觉得还OK，欢迎点赞 ;关注 ; 收藏 ; 私信！！！